Common Name: sneezeweed
Type: Herbaceous perennial
Family: Asteraceae
Zone: 4 to 9
Height: 3.00 to 4.00 feet
Spread: 2.00 to 3.00 feet
Bloom Time: August to October
Bloom Description: Canary yellow
Sun: Full sun
Water: Medium to wet
Maintenance: Medium
Suggested Use: Rain Garden
Flower: Showy, Good Cut
Attracts: Butterflies
Tolerate: Deer, Wet Soil
Culture
Grow in average, medium to wet, well-drained soil in full sun. Intolerant of dry soils. Avoid overfertilization which may cause plants to grow too tall. Although not required, plants may be cut back in early July (at least 6 weeks before normal flowering) to reduce plant height and encourage branching, thus leading to a more floriferous bloom, healthier foliage and less need for support. Remove spent flowers to encourage additional bloom. Divide clumps every three years to maintain vigor.
Noteworthy Characteristics
Helenium is a genus of about 40 species of annuals and hebaceous perennials from North and Central America. They are found mostly in damp meadows and along the edges of woods. They have a long season of bloom.
Genus name comes from the Greek name helenion which is the name of a Greek plant which honors Helen of Troy. It is unclear as to the relevance of Helen of Troy to the within genus of plants which are exclusively native to North and South America.
Powdered disk flowers and leaves of this species have in the past been dried and used as snuff, thus giving rise to the common name of sneezeweed.
'Kanaria' was developed by the German plant breeder, Karl Forester. Its flowers have bright canary yellow, 3-lobed petals that surround a yellow cone. The cones turn a rich rusty orange in fall and provide seeds for birds. It is a clump-forming erect perennial with thick stems that do not require staking. 'Kanaria' grows 3 to 4 ft. tall and 2 to 3 ft. wide. It may also be sold as Helenium 'Canary'.
Problems
Susceptible to powdery mildew, leaf spot and rust. Most heleniums benefit from staking or other support. Deer tend to avoid this plant.
Uses
Provides late summer to fall bloom for the border. Also effective for prairies, meadows or wild gardens. Suitable for use as a cut flower.