Common Name: Joseph's coat
Type: Herbaceous perennial
Family: Amaranthaceae
Native Range: West Indies
Zone: 10 to 11
Height: 1.00 to 3.00 feet
Spread: 1.00 to 2.00 feet
Bloom Time: Seasonal bloomer
Bloom Description: White
Sun: Full sun to part shade
Water: Medium
Maintenance: Low
Suggested Use: Annual
Flower: Insignificant
Leaf: Colorful, Evergreen
Culture
Tropical perennial that is winter hardy to USDA Zone 10 and is grown exclusively for its colorful foliage. Best grown in organically rich, consistently moist, well-drained soils in full sun to part shade. Best foliage colors are developed in full sun. Soils must not be allowed to dry out. In the St. Louis area, it is typically grown outdoors as an annual, but may also be grown indoors as a houseplant as long as it is sited in a bright, sunny location and soils are kept moist. Plants may be grown from seed by starting them indoors in late winter and transplanting them outdoors after last frost date. Quality of leaf color may vary considerably and only the best seedlings should be selected for inclusion in the planting. Pinching stems or shearing will keep plants compact and bushy. For those who do not wish to plant seed, some of the more popular varieties are available from nurseries in cell packs or flats. Smaller plants may be potted up and brought inside in winter. In the alternative, tip cuttings may be taken in late summer for overwintering indoors.
Noteworthy Characteristics
Alternanthera dentatais native to the West Indies and Brazil. It is a generally upright plant that typically forms spreading foliage mounds to 12-30” tall. Although species plants feature linear-lanceolate to ovate, toothed green leaves (to 3.5” long), it is the purple-leaved cultivars that have become popular garden plants. Foliage is suggestive of coleus. White apetalous flowers appear in small axillary clusters in late fall to winter, but are insignificant. Flowers are usually observed in St. Louis only on houseplants or on container plants brought inside for overwintering. Plants in the genus Alternanthera have a rather large number of descriptive common names, including but not limited to Joseph’s coat, copperleaf, calico plant, bloodleaf, joyweed and parrot leaf, all in reference to the often brilliantly colored leaves which provide foliage contrast to gardens and container plantings. A. dentata cultivars are noted for their rich purple to burgundy leaves.
Genus name comes from the Latin words alternans meaning "alternating" and anthera meaning "anther", in reference to alternate anthers in the genus are barren.
Specific epithet means toothed for the toothed leaves.
Problems
No serious insect or disease problems.
Uses
Borders, edger or large containers. Foliage is particularly attractive when plants are massed. Also can be an attractive houseplant.