Assistant Professor
Webster University
Research Interests
• Ecology and evolution of species interactions
• Responses to environmental change
• Plant-pollinator interactions
Adam Smith, Ph.D.
Associate Scientist
Global Change Ecology
Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development
Research Interests
• Climate change vulnerability of threatened plant species
• Species distribution models
• Global change, conservation, biogeography, and macroecology
Urban plant-pollinator interactions. Miller-Struttmann is an Assistant Professor at Webster University studying plant-pollinator interactions with a focus on bumble bees, and how these interactions are being altered in an increasingly changing world. Smith is an Associate Scientist in Global Change Ecology interested in addressing the impacts global change (climate change, land use/land cover, invasive species, etc.) will have on individual species and their communities and means by which human intervention can facilitate adaptive responses. With over 163,000 sq km of lawn in the United States, backyard conservation has the potential to enhance biodiversity in cities. Urban environments create biological filters that favor some species over others. For instance, cavity nesting bees and generalist foragers are favored in cities. Backyard conservation initiatives can weaken those filters and increase bee diversity. However, it is unclear what the knock-on effects are for their interactions with plants. Since the majority of flowering plants (more than 85%) require animal pollination, understanding how pollinator behavior is affected by local and landscape features could be critical for urban plant reproduction. This project would leverage a citizen science project, Shutterbee (www.shutterbee.net), organized by Dr. Miller-Struttmann that is focused on bee pollinators across the St. Louis region. The REU student would employ multi-state occupancy-detection models to assess the degree to which particular aspects of participants’ yards affect interactions between bees and plants. These aspects include amount of yard dedicated to flowers, presence of particular plants, amount of urban land cover (impermeable surface) in the surrounding neighborhood, inter alia. The REU student would develop models in the R programming language. The results are expected to help develop guidelines for “bee-friendly” properties. The successful participant would need to be comfortable with programming in R or another language (there is also an R teaching workshop at the beginning of the program).