Common Name: black-eyed Susan 
    
	
                         
                        
                            Type: Herbaceous perennial
                        
                        
                            Family: Asteraceae
                        
                        
                        
                            Zone: 5 to 9
                        
                        
                            Height: 4.00 to 7.00 feet
                        
                        
                            Spread: 2.00 to 3.00 feet
                        
                        
                            Bloom Time: June to August
                        
                        
                            Bloom Description: Yellow
                        
                        
                            Sun: Full sun
                        
                        
                            Water: Medium
                        
                        
                            Maintenance: Low
                        
                        
                                Suggested Use: Rain Garden
		                    
                                Flower: Showy
		                    
                                Attracts: Butterflies
		                    
                                Tolerate: Deer, Drought
		                    
                        
                        
                     
                    
                 
                                   
                
                    Culture
                    Best grown in average, evenly moist, well-drained soils in full sun. Tolerates hot and humid summers. Tolerates some drought once established. Deadhead spent flowers to encourage additional bloom. May flop and require staking in rich, fertile soils. Divide clumps every 4-5 years to maintain robust growth.
	             
                
                    Noteworthy Characteristics
                    Rudbeckia is a genus of about 20 species of annuals, biennials and perennials from North America. They are grown for their showy, daisy-type flowers which usually feature a dark, central eye of disk florets ringed by yellow ray florets.
Genus name honors Olof Rudbeck (1630-1702) Swedish botanist and founder of the Uppsala Botanic Garden in Sweden where Carl Linnaeus was professor of botany.
'Herbstsonne' is an upright, rhizomatous, clump-forming perennial coneflower which typically grows 4-7' tall. This is a substantial plant which features large daisy-like flowers (3-4" across) with drooping yellow rays and elongated bright green center cones. Flowers bloom singly atop slender branching stems. Long summer bloom. Toothed, bright green leaves (3-6" long). 'Herbstsonne' is varyingly sold as a cultivar of either Rudbeckia nitida or Rudbeckia laciniata, however some experts maintain that it is actually a hybrid between the two species. 'Herbstsonne' is synonymous with 'Autumn Sun'.
	             
                
                    Problems
                    Watch for aphids, powdery mildew, downy mildew, and septoria leaf spot. Susceptible to aster yellows disease.
	             
                
                    Uses
                    Massed or grouped in mixed perennial borders, cutting gardens, cottage gardens, and native plantings.